The Outline of Issue

130. "How children are socialized today determines the destiny of society. Unfortunately, we have not yet learned how to raise children who can help bring about a better society."

• Socialization is important. Connection in spite of. Communication, cooperation, collaboration. Especially the children.
• Socialized children are our future.
• be aware of the importance of education.
• The methods are misleading.

48."The study of history places too much emphasis on individuals. The most significant events and trends in history were made possible not by the famous few, but by groups of people whose identities have long been forgotten."

• Admittedly, emphasis on individuals. Why? So many people. American soldiers.
• Evolution of society belongs to all groups of people. Development of technology and economics.
• Individuals are more important in the study of history. Hitler.
• Individuals lead the groups of people.

50 "In order to improve the quality of instruction at the college and university level, all faculty should be required to spend time working outside the academic world in professions relevant to the courses they teach."

• Provide information and help in job hunting.
• Relationship of theory to practice.
• Spend less time on teaching. Earnings on teaching are much less than working outside.
• Basic academic and practical subject. Physicist must concentrate his time on physics while computer scientist work in company.

144"It is the artist, not the critic,* who gives society something of lasting value." *a person who evaluates works of art, such as novels, films, music, paintings, etc.

• The characteristic of arts. Creativity and obscurity.
• Because of the two characteristics, the value of arts is hard to benchmark. There must be critics, just like the commodities and the advertisement.
• The advantages of critics. help the artist to be admitted.
• The disadvantages of critics. control the arts and effect the people. Spectators watch film review before watch film.

153 "Students should bring a certain skepticism to whatever they study. They should question what they are taught instead of accepting it passively."

• When study skepticism is important. Skepticism brings us an unforgettable memory.
• When research skepticism is important. Skepticism is the source of creativity. Einstein, Relative Theory.
• Excessive suspicion have disadvantages. The fundamental of suspicion is scrutiny rather than imagination.

103."The study of history has value only to the extent that it is relevant to our daily lives."
Admittedly, study of history has value to our daily lives.

• The study of history, gain experiences to avoid occurring again. World War. Cold War.
• The study of history, reveals something cannot learn by observation. China and Japan.
• With the development of technology, there are more and more new things come up. Cannot find ways in history.

51."Education will be truly effective only when it is specifically designed to meet the individual needs and interests of each student."

• Cannot meet the individuals, because the large number of students. The changeable of one’s needs and interests.
• Not ought to meet the individuals. The requirement of nation and world. When war.
• Basic subject are important. For study in the future. The basic abilities to study more.
• Education ought to lead the interests of student and make the student have abilities to do what they interested in.

208. "The way people look, dress, and act reveals their attitudes and interests. You can tell much about a society's ideas and values by observing the appearance and behavior of its people."

• The way people look, dress, and act reveals their attitudes and interests. Casual people wear jeans and T-shirt. Business suits represent precise attitudes. Sports clothes.
• We can tell much about a society's ideas and values by observing the appearance and behavior of its people. French smile reveals the romantic in France. Chinese people wears Chinese tunic suits represent tradition and conservative.
• It’s not enough. Different clothes for different parties. Germany uniform in the Second World War.

43. "To be an effective leader, a public official must maintain the highest ethical and moral standards."

• Must obey basic ethical and moral standards. Mandela Nobel Peace Prize in 1993 fight for human rights and equalities.
• Sometimes, they must be against to these standards. Chernobyl, Truman atom bomb.
• Cannot prevent them from being effective leaders. Clinton Sex Scandal, Nixon Watergate Scandal.

88. "Technologies not only influence but actually determine social customs and ethics."
Technologies influence our social customs and ethics. The way for communication.

• Technologies cannot determine our social customs. Firecrackers represent a culture of Spring Day. Santa Clause in America.
• Technologies cannot determine our ethics. Know the sex of a child before born and abortion. Clone.
• Social customs and ethics are determined by many complex and complicated factors. Arabic woman wear head vein. Japanese women dress with kimono.

17. "There are two types of laws: just and unjust. Every individual in a society has a responsibility to obey just laws and, even more importantly, to disobey and resist unjust laws."

• Someone thinks a law just while others think it unjust. Reduce factory to protect environment.
• Whether a law is just or not depends on. Encourage having more children in Germany while Family Planning in China.
• The different education between China and American.
• All the laws are just. Why? Illustrate the above three examples.

69. "Government should place few, if any, restrictions on scientific research and development.”

• Government should place restrictions on scientific research and development for the benefits of the world. Atom bomb. Serious pesticide, clone.
• Government should place restrictions on scientific research and development for the balance in science. computer and literature.
• Government’s misleading would do harms to scientific research and development. Anatomy, gene.

11. "All nations should help support the development of a global university designed to engage students in the process of solving the world's most persistent social problems."

• Global university can solve the world's most persistent social problems. Prohibition of the drugs, illegal weapons, transnational crimes.
• Problems in global university. The problem for different nations are different. Terrorism and resources for American, food and water for Africa. May be controlled by certain nation.
• It is unnecessary because there are many other organizations. The advantages of UN. The use of Internet.

207. "Rituals and ceremonies help define a culture. Without them, societies or groups of people have a diminished sense of who they are."

• Rituals and ceremonies help define a culture definitely. Christmas Day and Spring Day.
• Rituals and ceremonies are not the sufficient condition to define a culture. History. Arabic woman wear head vein. Japanese women dress with kimono.
• People will not have a diminished sense of who they are without rituals and ceremonies. Judge German from American from languages. Chinese chopsticks and European knife and fork. Assess a university by its ceremony.
• With the development of human society and culture, there are more and more rituals and ceremonies are not suitable for the modern world. Going down on knee in China. Being killed with leader’s death in Egypt.

120. "So much is new and complex today that looking back for an understanding of the past provides little guidance for living in the present."

• With the development of science and technology, there are big changes of our world. Creativity and imagination are important than experience.
• We cannot ignore the importance of the guidance provided by the understanding of the past. Newton and Einstein.
• It is really helpful for our better living in present to look backwards. The First World War and the Second World War. Cold War.
• Guide our living and action with the experiences in the history. Encounter a sneak, don’t move.

7."The video camera provides such an accurate and convincing record of contemporary life that it has become a more important form of documentation than written records. "

• The advantages of video camera. Immediately, accurate, vivid.
• Not all the documentation must be recorded by video camera. Take more places. The limitation of carrier. The low transfer rate of Internet.
• The written record is used to express subjective view. diary
• The written record is a kind of arts. Poem, essay. The inaccurate Make readers think more.

212. "If a goal is worthy, then any means taken to attain it is justifiable."

• how can we define the worthiness of a goal? cheating in exam.
• Achieving a goal by legitimacy. Scientist do fake experiment and copy others.
• Cannot achieve our own worthy goal with concerning others. Hitler.

40."Scholars and researchers should not be concerned with whether their work makes a contribution to the larger society. It is more important that they pursue their individual interests, however unusual or idiosyncratic those interests may seem."

• In the past years, do research by their interests. Newton, Einstein.
• Nowadays, national requirement. With more and more complex, it required a group of people. Not all the people are interested in this field.
• Match the interests with the requirement. Luxun.

70. "In any profession-business, politics, education, government-those in power should step down after five years. The surest path to success for any enterprise is revitalization through new leadership."

• Whether the every five years' replacement is suitable or not depends on the epic we are in. ancient.
• Sometimes the surest path to success for us is really revitalization through new leadership. Bill Gates.
• The replacement of leader would have bad efforts on the whole nation. Soviet Union.
• Is it the best way for our meeting success by replacement of leadership? Updating the technology in production, undermining the useless department, and carrying out the system of encouragement or punishment

136. "The absence of choice is a circumstance that is very, very rare."

• There really are few choices for us under certain circumstances. The earthquake in SiChuan Province. Soldier executes commands.
• There are more conditions that we are not willing to choose or don't dare to choose. Job hunting for graduated students. Plank, the radiation of full body
• There are choices or not is related to the different people. Create choice. Study aboard.
• Wait and Refuse to choose.

147. "Tradition and modernization are incompatible. One must choose between them."

• Modernization has replaced tradition. Machine replaces labor. E-mail replaces written mail.
• Tradition is the source of modernization. In science, Newton and Einstein.
• Tradition can exist in modernization. Hand-make versus assembly, written mail versus E-mail. BJ2008.

94. "Universities should require every student to take a variety of courses outside the student's field of study because acquiring knowledge of various academic disciplines is the best way to become truly educated."

• The independence of knowledge. Economics and math. Make a plane.
• The advantages of various academic disciplines. Programming-Software Engineering and Da Vinci anatomy. Let the students know what they are interested in.
• Too many various academic disciplines are harmful. Cannot be proficiency in certain subject. Cooperation.